Teen Instagram users are happier than we think. A new study by the University of Amsterdam’s School of Communication Research shows eighth and ninth graders on Instagram send four times as many positive DMs than they do negative ones. This study purposefully focused on the less public aspect of teens’ social media; not how much content they consume, but how they use the space to talk with others. And it suggests that positive private messages would point to Instagram being a positive space for them overall—which contradicts many beliefs that social media is only contributing to teens feeling negatively. YPulse’s The TikTok Effect trend report asks 13-17-year-olds how they feel when they use different platforms, and their most popular answer for Instagram is “satisfied,” followed closely by “happy.” (Fast Company)